APG II System

The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009 by a further revision, the APG III system. APG II was published as:

• Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141(4): 399-436. (Available online: Abstract | Full text (HTML) | Full text (PDF))

Each of the APG systems represents the broad consensus of a number of systematic botanists, united in the APG, working at several institutions worldwide.

The APG II system recognized 45 orders, five more than the APG system. The new orders were Austrobaileyales, Canellales, Gunnerales, Celastrales, and Crossosomatales, all of which were families unplaced as to order, although contained in supra-ordinal clades, in the APG system. APG II recognized 457 families, five fewer than the APG system. Thirty-nine of the APG II families were not placed in any order, but 36 of the 39 were placed in a supra-ordinal clade within the angiosperms. Fifty-five of the families came to be known as "bracketed families". They were optional segregates of families that could be circumscribed in a larger sense.

The APG II system was influential and was adopted in whole or in part (sometimes with modifications) in a number of references. It was superseded 6½ years later by the APG III system, published in October 2009.

Main groups in the system (all unranked clades between the ranks of class and order):

• angiosperms :

  magnoliids

  monocots

  commelinids

  eudicots

  core eudicots

  rosids

  eurosids I

  eurosids II

  asterids

  euasterids I

  euasterids II

Shown below is the classification in full detail, with the fifteen genera and three families that were unplaced in APG II. The unplaced taxa were listed at the end of the appendix in a section entitled "Taxa of Uncertain Position". Under some of the clades are listed the families that were placed incertae sedis in that clade. Thirty-six families were so placed. This means that their relationship to other members of the clade is not known.

• paraphyletic grade basal angiosperms

  family Amborellaceae

  family Chloranthaceae

  family Nymphaeaceae

  family Cabombaceae]

• order Austrobaileyales

  family Austrobaileyaceae

  family Schisandraceae

  family Illiciaceae

• order Ceratophyllales

  family Ceratophyllaceae

• clade magnoliids

• order Canellales

  family Canellaceae

  family Winteraceae

• order Laurales

  family Atherospermataceae

  family Calycanthaceae

  family Gomortegaceae

  family Hernandiaceae

  family Lauraceae

  family Monimiaceae

  family Siparunaceae

• order Magnoliales

  family Annonaceae

  family Degeneriaceae

  family Eupomatiaceae

  family Himantandraceae

  family Magnoliaceae

  family Myristicaceae

• order Piperales

  family Aristolochiaceae

  family Hydnoraceae

  family Lactoridaceae

  family Piperaceae

  family Saururaceae

• clade monocots

  family Petrosaviaceae

• order Acorales

  family Acoraceae

• order Alismatales

  family Alismataceae

  family Aponogetonaceae

  family Araceae

  family Butomaceae

  family Cymodoceaceae

  family Hydrocharitaceae

  family Juncaginaceae

  family Limnocharitaceae

  family Najadaceae

  family Posidoniaceae

  family Potamogetonaceae

  family Ruppiaceae

  family Scheuchzeriaceae

  family Tofieldiaceae

  family Zosteraceae

• order Asparagales

  family Alliaceae

  family Agapanthaceae

  family Amaryllidaceae

  family Anemarrhenaceae

  family Anthericaceae

  family Asparagaceae

  family Agavaceae

  family Aphyllanthaceae

  family Hesperocallidaceae

  family Hyacinthaceae

  family Laxmanniaceae

  family Ruscaceae

  family Themidaceae

  family Asteliaceae

  family Behniaceae

  family Blandfordiaceae

  family Boryaceae

  family Convallariaceae

  family Dracaenaceae

  family Doryanthaceae

  family Eriospermaceae

  family Herreriaceae

  family Hostaceae

  family Hypoxidaceae

  family Iridaceae

  family Ixioliriaceae

  family Johnsoniaceae

  family Lanariaceae

  family Nolinaceae

  family Orchidaceae

  family Tecophilaeaceae

  family Xanthorrhoeaceae

  family Asphodelaceae

  family Hemerocallidaceae

  family Xeronemataceae

• order Dioscoreales

  family Burmanniaceae

  family Dioscoreaceae

  family Taccaceae

  family Nartheciaceae

• order Liliales

  family Alstroemeriaceae

  family Campynemataceae

  family Colchicaceae

  family Corsiaceae

  family Liliaceae

  family Luzuriagaceae

  family Melanthiaceae

  family Petermanniaceae

  family Philesiaceae

  family Rhipogonaceae

  family Smilacaceae

• order Pandanales

  family Cyclanthaceae

  family Pandanaceae

  family Stemonaceae

  family Triuridaceae

• clade commelinids

  family Dasypogonaceae

• order Arecales

  family Arecaceae

• order Commelinales

  family Commelinaceae

  family Haemodoraceae

  family Hanguanaceae

  family Philydraceae

  family Pontederiaceae

• order Poales

  family Anarthriaceae

  family Bromeliaceae

  family Centrolepidaceae

  family Cyperaceae

  family Ecdeiocoleaceae

  family Eriocaulaceae

  family Flagellariaceae

  family Hydatellaceae

  family Joinvilleaceae

  family Juncaceae

  family Mayacaceae

  family Poaceae

  family Prioniaceae

  family Rapateaceae

  family Restionaceae

  family Thurniaceae

  family Typhaceae

  family Xyridaceae

• order Zingiberales

  family Cannaceae

  family Costaceae

  family Heliconiaceae

  family Lowiaceae

  family Marantaceae

  family Musaceae

  family Strelitziaceae

  family Zingiberaceae

• clade eudicots

• family Buxaceae

  family Didymelaceae

  family Meliosmaceae

  family Sabiaceae

  family Trochodendraceae

  family Tetracentraceae]

• order Proteales

  family Nelumbonaceae

  family Proteaceae

  family Platanaceae

• order Ranunculales

  family Berberidaceae

  family Circaeasteraceae

  family Kingdoniaceae

  family Eupteleaceae

  family Glaucidiaceae

  family Hydrastidaceae

  family Lardizabalaceae

  family Menispermaceae

  family Papaveraceae

  family Fumariaceae

  family Pteridophyllaceae

  family Ranunculaceae

  family Sargentodoxaceae

• clade core eudicots

• family Aextoxicaceae

  family Berberidopsidaceae

  family Dilleniaceae

• order Gunnerales

  family Gunneraceae

  family Myrothamnaceae

• order Caryophyllales

  family Achatocarpaceae

  family Aizoaceae

  family Amaranthaceae

  family Ancistrocladaceae

  family Asteropeiaceae

  family Barbeuiaceae

  family Basellaceae

  family Cactaceae

  family Caryophyllaceae

  family Chenopodiaceae

  family Didiereaceae

  family Dioncophyllaceae

  family Droseraceae

  family Drosophyllaceae

  family Frankeniaceae

  family Gisekiaceae

  family Halophytaceae

  family Hectorellaceae

  family Limeaceae

  family Molluginaceae

  family Mesembryanthemaceae

  family Nepenthaceae

  family Nyctaginaceae

  family Petiveriaceae

  family Physenaceae

  family Phytolaccaceae

  family Plumbaginaceae

  family Polygonaceae

  family Portulacaceae

  family Rhabdodendraceae

  family Sarcobataceae

  family Simmondsiaceae

  family Stegnospermataceae

  family Tamaricaceae

• order Santalales

  family Eremolepidaceae

  family Loranthaceae

  family Misodendraceae

  family Olacaceae

  family Opiliaceae

  family Santalaceae

  family Viscaceae

• order Saxifragales

  family Altingiaceae

  family Aphanopetalaceae

  family Cercidiphyllaceae

  family Crassulaceae

  family Daphniphyllaceae

  family Grossulariaceae

  family Haloragaceae

  family Penthoraceae

  family Tetracarpaeaceae

  family Hamamelidaceae

  family Iteaceae

  family Pterostemonaceae

  family Paeoniaceae

  family Peridiscaceae

  family Saxifragaceae

• clade Rosids

• family Aphloiaceae

  family Geissolomataceae

  family Ixerbaceae

  family Picramniaceae

  family Strasburgeriaceae

  family Vitaceae

• order Crossosomatales

  family Crossosomataceae

  family Geissolomataceae

  family Ixerbaceae

  family Picramniaceae

  family Strasburgeriaceae

  family Vitaceae

• order Geraniales

  family Geraniaceae

  family Hypseocharitaceae

  family Ledocarpaceae

  family Melianthaceae

  family Francoaceae

  family Vivianiaceae

• order Myrtales

  family Alzateaceae

  family Combretaceae

  family Crypteroniaceae

  family Heteropyxidaceae

  family Lythraceae

  family Melastomaceae

  family Memecylaceae

  family Myrtaceae

  family Oliniaceae

  family Onagraceae

  family Penaeaceae

  family Psiloxylaceae

  family Rhynchocalycaceae

  family Vochysiaceae

• clade eurosids I(Fabids)

  family Zygophyllaceae

  family Krameriaceae

  family Huaceae

• order Celastrales

  family Celastraceae

  family lepidobotryaceae

  family Parnassiaceae

  family Lepuropetalaceae

  family Stackhousiaceae

• order Cucurbitales

  family Anisophylleaceae

  family Begoniaceae

  family Coriariaceae

  family Corynocarpaceae

  family Cucurbitaceae

  family Datiscaceae

  family Tetramelaceae

• order Fabales

  family Leguminosae (Fabaceae)

  family Polygalaceae

  family Quillajaceae

  family Surianaceae

• order Fagales

  family Betulaceae

  family Casuarinaceae

  family Fagaceae

  family Juglandaceae

  family Rhoipteleaceae

  family Myricaceae

  family Nothofagaceae

  family Ticodendraceae

• order Malpighiales

  family Achariaceae

  family Balanopaceae

  family Bonnetiaceae

  family Caryocaraceae

  family Chrysobalanaceae

  family Dichapetalaceae

  family Euphroniaceae

  family Trigoniaceae

  family Clusiaceae

  family Ctenolophonaceae

  family Elatinaceae

  family Euphorbiaceae

  family Flacourtiaceae

  family Goupiaceae

  family Hugoniaceae

  family Humiriaceae

  family Hypericaceae

  family Irvingiaceae

  family Ixonanthaceae

  family Lacistemataceae

  family Linaceae

  family Lophopyxidaceae

  family Malpighiaceae

  family Ochnaceae

  family Medusagynaceae

  family Quiinaceae

  family Pandaceae

  family Passifloraceae

  family Malesherbiaceae

  family Turneraceae

  family Phyllanthaceae

  family Picrodendraceae

  family Podostemaceae

  family Putranjivaceae

  family Rhizophoraceae

  family Erythroxylaceae

  family Salicaceae

  family Scyphostegiaceae

  family Violaceae

• order Oxalidales

  family Brunelliaceae

  family Cephalotaceae

  family Connaraceae

  family Cunoniaceae

  family Elaeocarpaceae

  family Oxalidaceae

• order Rosales

  family Barbeyaceae

  family Cannabaceae

  family Cecropiaceae

  family Dirachmaceae

  family Elaeagnaceae

  family Moraceae

  family Rhamnaceae

  family Rosaceae

  family Ulmaceae

  family Urticaceae

• clade eurosids II(Malvids)

  family Tapisciaceae

• order Brassicales

  family Akaniaceae

  family Bretschneideraceae

  family Bataceae

  family Brassicaceae

  family Capparaceae

  family Caricaceae

  family Cleomaceae

  family Emblingiaceae

  family Gyrostemonaceae

  family Koeberliniaceae

  family Limnanthaceae

  family Moringaceae

  family Pentadiplandraceae

  family Resedaceae

  family Salvadoraceae

  family Setchellanthaceae

  family Tovariaceae

  family Tropaeolaceae

• order Malvales

  family Bixaceae

  family Diegodendraceae

  family Cochlospermaceae

  family Bombacaceae

  family Brownlowiaceae

  family Byttneriaceae

  family Cistaceae

  family Dipterocarpaceae

  family Durionaceae

  family Helicteraceae

  family Malvaceae

  family Muntingiaceae

  family Neuradaceae

  family Pentapetaceae

  family Sarcolaenaceae

  family Sparrmanniaceae

  family Sphaerosepalaceae

  family Sterculiaceae

  family Tepuianthaceae

  family Thymelaeaceae

  family Tiliaceae

• order Sapindales

  family Anacardiaceae

  family Biebersteiniaceae

  family Burseraceae

  family Cneoraceae

  family Kirkiaceae

  family Leitneriaceae

  family Meliaceae

  family Nitrariaceae

  family Peganaceae

  family Tetradiclidaceae

  family Ptaeroxylaceae

  family Rutaceae

  family Sapindaceae

  family Simaroubaceae

• clade Asterids

• order Cornales

  family Cornaceae

  family Nyssaceae

  family Curtisiaceae

  family Grubbiaceae

  family Hydrangeaceae

  family Hydrostachyaceae

  family Loasaceae

• order Ericales

  family Actinidiaceae

  family Balsaminaceae

  family Clethraceae

  family Coridaceae

  family Cyrillaceae

  family Diapensiaceae

  family Ebenaceae

  family Ericaceae

  family Fouquieriaceae

  family Lecythidaceae

  family Lissocarpaceae

  family Maesaceae

  family Marcgraviaceae

  family Myrsinaceae

  family Pentaphylaceae

  family Sladeniaceae

  family Polemoniaceae

  family Primulaceae

  family Roridulaceae

  family Samolaceae

  family Sapotaceae

  family Sarraceniaceae

  family Styracaceae

  family Symplocaceae

  family Ternstroemiaceae

  family Tetrameristaceae

  family Pellicieraceae

  family Theaceae

  family Theophrastaceae

• clade Euasterids I(Lamids)

• family Boraginaceae

  family Hydrophyllaceae

  family Icacinaceae

  family Lennoaceae

  family Oncothecaceae

  family Vahliaceae

  family Metteniusaceae

• order Garryales

  family Eucommiaceae

  family Garryaceae

  family Aucubaceae

• order Gentianales

  family Apocynaceae

  family Gelsemiaceae

  family Gentianaceae

  family Loganiaceae

  family Rubiaceae

• order Lamiales

  family Acanthaceae

  family Avicenniaceae

  family Bignoniaceae

  family Buddlejaceae

  family Byblidaceae

  family Callitrichaceae

  family Carlemanniaceae

  family Cyclocheilaceae

  family Gesneriaceae

  family Globulariaceae

  family Hippuridaceae

  family Lamiaceae

  family Lentibulariaceae

  family Martyniaceae

  family Myoporaceae

  family Nesogenaceae

  family Orobanchaceae

  family Oleaceae

  family Padaliaceae

  family Phrymaceae

  family Plantaginaceae

  family Plocospermataceae

  family Schlegeliaceae

  family Scrophulariaceae

  family Stilbaceae

  family Symphoremataceae

  family Tetrachondraceae

  family Thomandersiaceae

  family Trapellaceae

  family Verbenaceae

• order Solanales

  family Convolvulaceae

  family Hydroleaceae

  family Montiniaceae

  family Solanaceae

  family Sphenocleaceae

• clade Euasterids II(Campanulids)

• family Bruniaceae

  family Columelliaceae

  family Desfontainiaceae

  family Escalloniaceae

  family Paracryphiaceae

  family Polyosmaceae

  family Quintiniaceae

  family Sphenostemonaceae

  family Tribelaceae

• order Apiales

  family Apiaceae

  family Araliaceae

  family Aralidiaceae

  family Griseliniaceae

  family Macklinlayaceae

  family Melanophyllaceae

  family Myodocarpaceae

  family Pennantiaceae

  family Pittosporaceae

  family Torricelliaceae

• order Aquifoliales

  family Aquifoliaceae

  family Cardiopteridaceae

  family Helwingiaceae

  family Phyllonomaceae

  family Stemonuraceae

• order Asterales

  family Alseuosmiaceae

  family Argophyllaceae

  family Asteraceae

  family Calyceraceae

  family Campanulaceae

  family Lobeliaceae

  family Goodeniaceae

  family Menyanthaceae

  family Pentaphragmataceae

  family Phellinaceae

  family Rousseaceae

  family Stylidiaceae

  family Donatiaceae

• order Dipsacales

  family Adoxaceae

  family Caprifoliaceae

  family Diervillaceae

  family Dipsacaceae

  family Linnaeaceae

  family Morinaceae

  family Valerianaceae

  family Sambucaceae

  family Triplostegiaceae

  family Viburnaceae

• Families of Uncertain Position

  family Apodanthaceae

  family balanophoraceae

  family Cynomoriaceae

  family Cytinaceae

  family Dipentodontaceae

  family Haptanthaceae

  family Hoplestigmataceae

  family Leptaulaceae

  family Medusandraceae

  family Mitrastemonaceae

  family Pottingeriaceae

  family Pteleocarpaceae

  family Rafflesiaceae

Note: Family names that are indented under another family are optionally separate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.