Context
The majority of the French people had voted in favour of French Algeria's self determination during the disputed referendum of 8 January 1961 organised in metropolitan France. French citizens living abroad or serving abroad in the military were allowed to vote, but non-citizens in Algeria—who comprised the vast majority of the Muslim population—did not participate in the election.
Michel Debré's government started secret negotiations with the GPRA (Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic), the political arm of the FLN. On 25 January 1961, Colonel Antoine Argoud visited with Premier Debré and threatened him with a coup directed by a "colonels' junta"; the French Army was in no way disposed to let the French Algerian départements created in 1848 after the 1830 conquest become independent.
Read more about this topic: Algiers Putsch Of 1961
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