Construction
Activity diagrams are constructed from a limited number of shapes, connected with arrows. The most important shape types:
- rounded rectangles represent activities;
- diamonds represent decisions;
- bars represent the start (split) or end (join) of concurrent activities;
- a black circle represents the start (initial state) of the workflow;
- an encircled black circle represents the end (final state).
Arrows run from the start towards the end and represent the order in which activities happen.
Hence they can be regarded as a form of flowchart. Typical flowchart techniques lack constructs for expressing concurrency. However, the join and split symbols in activity diagrams only resolve this for simple cases; the meaning of the model is not clear when they are arbitrarily combined with decisions or loops.
While in UML 1.x, activity diagrams were a specialized form of state diagrams, in UML 2.x, the activity diagrams were reformalized to be based on Petri net-like semantics, increasing the scope of situations that can be modeled using activity diagrams. These changes cause many UML 1.x activity diagrams to be interpreted differently in UML 2.x
Read more about this topic: Activity Diagram
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