See also: List of compositions by Aaron Copland
- Scherzo Humoristique: The Cat and the Mouse (1920)
- Four Motets (1921)
- Three Moods (piano solo)(1921)
- Passacaglia (piano solo) (1922)
- Symphony for Organ and Orchestra (1924)
- Music for the Theater (1925)
- Dance Symphony (1925)
- Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (1926)
- Symphonic Ode (1927–1929)
- Piano Variations (1930)
- Grohg (1925/32) (ballet)
- Short Symphony (Symphony No. 2) (1931–33)
- Statements for orchestra (1932–35)
- The Second Hurricane, play-opera for high school performance (1936)
- El Salón México (1936)
- Billy the Kid (1938) (ballet)
- Quiet City (1940)
- Our Town (1940)
- Piano Sonata (1939–41)
- An Outdoor Overture, written for high school orchestras (1938) and transcribed for wind band (1941)
- Fanfare for the Common Man (1942)
- Lincoln Portrait (1942)
- Rodeo (1942) (ballet)
- Danzon Cubano (1942)
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- Music for the Movies (1942)
- Sonata for violin and piano (1943)
- Appalachian Spring (1944) (ballet)
- Third Symphony (1944–1946)
- In the Beginning (1947)
- The Red Pony (1948)
- Clarinet Concerto (commissioned by Benny Goodman) (1947–1948)
- Twelve Poems of Emily Dickinson (1950)
- Piano Quartet (1950)
- Old American Songs (1952)
- The Tender Land (1954) (opera)
- Canticle of Freedom (1955)
- Orchestral Variations (orchestration of Piano Variations) (1957)
- Piano Fantasy (1957)
- Dance Panels (1959; revised 1962) (ballet)
- Connotations (1962)
- Down A Country Lane (1962)
- Music for a Great City (1964) (based on his score of the 1961 film Something Wild)
- Emblems, for wind band (1964)
- Inscape (1967)
- Duo for flute and piano (1971)
- Three Latin American Sketches (1972)
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