5-HT7 Receptor - Function

Function

In humans, the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) plays an important role in various cognitive and behavioral functions. The serotonin receptor encoded by the HTR7 gene belongs to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). When the 5-HT7 receptor is activated by serotonin, it sets off a cascade of events starting with release of the stimulatory G protein Gs from the GPCR complex. Gs in turn activates adenylate cyclase which increases intracellular levels of the second messenger cAMP.

The 5-HT7 receptor plays a role in smooth muscle relaxation within the vasculature and in the gastrointestinal tract. The highest 5-HT7 receptor densities are in the thalamus and hypothalamus, and it is present at higher densities also in the hippocampus and cortex. The 5-HT7 receptor is involved in thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, learning and memory, and sleep. It is also speculated that this receptor may be involved in mood regulation, suggesting that it may be a useful target in the treatment of depression.

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