1954 in Science - Medicine

Medicine

  • February 23 – The first mass vaccination of children against polio begins, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
  • The first organ transplants are done in Boston and Paris.
    • December 23 – Joseph Murray at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston carries out the first successful kidney transplant, between identical twins.
  • The first of the anti-psychotic phenothiazine drugs, Chlorpromazine, starts being sold under the trade names Thorazine (U.S.) and Largactil (U.K.)
  • The sucrose gap is introduced by Robert Stämpfli for the reliable measurement of action potential in nerve fibers.

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